The Transmission X-ray Microscope (TXM) at beamline 32-ID-C of the Advanced Photon Source (APS) is a high throughput instrument with high spatial resolution for operando nano-tomography experiments [1]. Recently, a flexural nanopositioning stage system has been designed, and constructed at the APS for a set of JTECTM Kirkpatrick-Baez (KB) mirrors to be installed at the beamline 32-ID-C station. It will focus X-ray down to a 15-20 nm focal spot that will serve as a point source for projection microscopy. Many flexural stages in the stage system are using the same designs developed by APS for the beamline 34-ID-E [2]. However, the new stage system configuration is optimized for the operation conditions at the APS 32-ID-C to accommodate large nano-tomography sample stages. The experiences gained from this new flexural nanopositioning stage system design will benefit designs of K-B mirror nanofocusing stages for other x-ray nanoprobe beamline instruments at the APS-Upgrade project, especially for the In-Situ Nanoprobe instrument design. The mechanical design of the flexural stages, as well as its preliminary mechanical test results with laser interferometer are described in this paper.
As resolving power targets have increased with each generation of beamlines commissioned in synchrotron radiation facilities worldwide, diffraction gratings are quickly becoming crucial optical components for meeting performance targets. However, the metrology of variable-line-spacing (VLS) gratings for high resolution beamlines is not widespread; in particular, no metrology facility at any US DOE facility is currently equipped to fully characterize such gratings. To begin to address this issue, the Optics Group at the Advanced Photon Source at Argonne, in collaboration with SOLEIL and with support from Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), has developed an alternative beam path addition to the Long Trace Profiler (LTP) at Argonne’s Advanced Photon Source. This significantly expands the functionality of the LTP not only to measure mirrors surface slope profile at normal incidence, but also to characterize the groove density of VLS diffraction gratings in the Littrow incidence up to 79°, which covers virtually all diffraction gratings used at synchrotrons in the first order. The LTP light source is a 20mW HeNe laser, which yields enough signal for diffraction measurements to be performed on low angle blazed gratings optimized for soft X-ray wavelengths. We will present the design of the beam path, technical requirements for the optomechanics, and our data analysis procedure. Finally, we discuss challenges still to be overcome and potential limitations with use of the LTP to perform metrology on diffraction gratings.
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