In this paper, we present an optimal filter for the enhancement or estimation of signals on the 2-sphere corrupted by noise, when both the signal and noise are realizations of anisotropic processes on the 2-sphere. The estimation of such a signal in the spatial or spectral domain separately can be shown to be inadequate. Therefore, we develop an optimal filter in the joint spatio-spectral domain by using a framework recently presented in the literature | the spatially localized spherical harmonic transform - enabling such processing. Filtering of a signal in the spatio-spectral domain facilitates taking into account anisotropic properties of both the signal and noise processes. The proposed spatio-spectral filtering is optimal under the mean-square error criterion. The capability of the proposed filtering framework is demonstrated with by an example to estimate a signal corrupted by an anisotropic noise process.
KEYWORDS: Spherical lenses, Optical spheres, Wavelets, Computing systems, Space operations, Signal processing, Physics, Astronomy, Signal analyzers, Current controlled current source
This paper considers the construction of Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Spaces (RKHS) on the sphere as an alternative to the conventional Hilbert space using the inner product that yields the L2(S2) function space of finite energy signals. In comparison with wavelet representations, which have multi-resolution properties on L2(S2), the representations that arise from the RKHS approach, which uses different inner products, have an overall smoothness constraint, which may offer advantages and simplifications in certain contexts. The key contribution of this paper is to construct classes of closed-form kernels, such as one based on the von Mises-Fisher distribution, which permits efficient inner product computation using kernel evaluations. Three classes of RKHS are defined: isotropic kernels and non-isotropic kernels both with spherical harmonic eigenfunctions, and general anisotropic kernels.
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