Compared to traditional underwater cameras, lidar can capture more dimensional information about targets, thereby offering substantial advantages in underwater target detection. The Single-Slit Streak Tube Imaging Lidar (SS-STIL) is a high temporal resolution device designed for 3D precision measurement. It operates on the principle of time-of-flight, recording the 3D information of target as multiple high-precision 2D streak images. These images are then used to reconstruct the target's 3D information through advanced reconstruction algorithms. Existing researches on the imaging quality of Streak Tube Imaging Lidar (STIL) often fall short in thoroughly investigating the impact of water turbidity on imaging quality and particularly lack quantitative measurements of underwater imaging environments. To address the aforementioned issues, we first performed theoretical calculations and simulations of the SS-STIL for imaging targets in both air and underwater environments. Based on these simulation results, we determined the parameters for the main modules of the actual imaging system. We measured the water's attenuation coefficient in the experimental setting using a photometer, quantified five levels of underwater turbidity, and conducted experiments with our SS-STIL under these five different conditions. At an imaging distance of 4.5m and a water attenuation coefficient of 0.51m-1 , our SS-STIL system achieved an imaging resolution of 1cm and a spatial resolution of 3cm, which is superior to other existing STIL systems.
A small size and long slit streak tube with high spatial resolution was designed and optimized. Curved photocathode and screen were adopted to increase the photocathode working area and spatial resolution. High physical temporal resolution obtained by using a slit accelerating electrode. Deflection sensitivity of the streak tube was improved by adopting two-folded deflection plates. The simulations indicate that the photocathode effective working area can reach 30mm × 5mm. The static spatial resolution is higher than 40lp/mm and 12lp/mm along scanning and slit directions respectively while the physical temporal resolution is higher than 60ps. The magnification is 0.75 and 0.77 in scanning and slit directions. And also, the deflection sensitivity is as high as 37mm/kV. The external dimension of the streak tube are only ∅74mm×231mm. Thus, it can be applied to laser imaging radar system for large field of view and high range precision detection.
In this paper, the anisotropic focusing technique is used to make a novel streak tube. The salient features are the introduction of both temporally focusing electrodes and spatially focusing electric quadrupole lens. The simulation showed that physical temporal dispersion of 0.38 ps and edge spatial resolution of 56 lp/mm can be achieved. The Nd:YLF 8ps pulse laser was used to calibrate the performance index of streak camera. The static and dynamic spatial resolutions are 35 lp/mm and 25 lp/mm respectively. The dynamic range more than 950:1 and time resolution 8ps can be reached. Furthermore, the magnifications in slit and scanning direction can be adjusted respectively, so it is very convenient to select amplification needed when it is coupled with KB microscope.
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