Robert Maher, Mehdi Torbatian, Swen Koenig, Omer Khayam, Alban Le Liepvre, Parmijit Samra, Pat Day, Mark Missey, Zhenxing Wang, An Nguyen, Ryan Going, Stefan Wolf, Samantha Nowierski, Xiaojun Xie, Stephanie Tremblay, Mehrdad Ziari, Fred Kish, Jeff Rahn, Parthiban Kandappan
The information rate (IR) of a digital coherent transceiver is constrained by the inherent practical signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) limit. Coded modulation, which is the combination of multi-level modulation and forward error correction, aims to maximize the IR within this SNR envelope. While probabilistic constellation shaping has enhanced this methodology by providing an increase in IR over conventionally employed square quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) formats, it is the ability to eloquently tune the per wavelength IR by varying the symbol probabilities that has gained this scheme significant traction within optical communications in recent years. As commercial line cards continue their evolution towards 100 GBd and to modulation formats beyond 64QAM, we discuss the merits of probabilistic shaping for high symbol rate digital coherent transceivers in the presence of a practical SNR limit.
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