KEYWORDS: Bone, Tissues, In vivo imaging, Cartilage, Stem cells, Green fluorescent protein, Luminescence, Regenerative medicine, Transplantation, Imaging systems
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are an attractive cell source for regenerative medicine because they can be harvested in
a relatively less invasive manner, easily isolated, and expanded with multipotentiality. Bone marrow seems to be the
most commonly used tissue as a source for MSCs at present. However, there are emerging reports to describe that MSCs
exist in most mesenchymal tissues. We have recently compared in vivo chondrogenic potential in MSCs derived from
various mesenchymal tissues and demonstrated that synovium-MSCs and bone marrow-MSCs possessed greater
chondrogenic ability than other mesenchymal tissue-derived MSCs. This indicates that those MSCs are promising
cellular sources for cartilage regeneration. As the fate of synovium-MSCs is unclear after transplantation, we herein
established MSCs using double transgenic rats expressing either Luciferase/GFP or Luciferase/LacZ. The cellular fate of
MSCs could be traced by an in vivo luciferase-based luminescent imaging system, and also followed histologically by
green fluorescence and by X-gal staining, respectively. Thus, both synovium-MSCs and bone marrow-MSCs expressing
Luciferase/GFP or Luciferase/LacZ provide powerful tools not only for cell tracking in vivo but also for histological
analysis, leading to a compelling experimental model of cartilage regeneration with cell therapy.
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