We present the use of holographic UV writing to fabricate 2D grating couplers in doped planar silica-on-silicon, enabling the creation of large (~1 cm) and efficient circular beam delivery into free space. Our fabrication process inscribes a channel waveguide with in-plane 60° blazed grating to expand a fibre-coupled beam within a planar core layer, followed by an out-of-plane 45° blazed grating to couple light out of the substrate. Our out-of-plane gratings are fabricated using a modified interferometric arrangement with a prism and index matching water layer, the arrangement and latest results will be presented here.
We present our research on utilizing weak Bragg grating reflectors to assess the uniformity of zinc-doped lithium niobate ridge waveguides, aiming to optimize frequency conversion. These gratings are fabricated through ablation using a pulsed 213nm laser within a phase-controlled interferometric system, providing sub-nanometer period accuracy. By employing gratings we spectrally and spatially characterize the modal properties of our waveguides, enabling direct analysis of process variability. Through this analysis, we aim to gain a deeper understanding of the effective index variation in periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) waveguides, with the ultimate goal of reducing it and improving frequency conversion.
We present an investigation into the resolution of blazed chirped Bragg grating spectrometers. These are dispersive spectrometers that diffract light out of a waveguide at a wavelength dependent angle, whilst focusing the light. The spectral resolution is found to be inversely proportional to grating length; previously used fabrication schemes limited the grating length (and hence resolution) when creating compact devices. We propose and implement a solution to this problem by varying the blaze angle of a Bragg grating along its length. Initial results show the fabrication of longer gratings (while preserving focal length) and an increase in FWHM resolution from
0.57 nm to 0.52 nm. This increase in resolution is thought to be limited by the appearance of aberrations which can be corrected for in future devices.
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