In this study, we analyzed the reaction of the upper atmosphere to an increase in illumination after the solar flare on 6 September 2017. This intense solar-terrestrial disturbance event was caused by the active region of the Sun AR2673, which generated several powerful X-class flares. The strongest X9.3 flare occurred on 6 September 2017 inducing an increase in illumination in the extreme ultraviolet and soft X-ray ranges of the solar spectrum. We used the FISM2 empirical model to derive the flare irradiance data and the HAMMONIA 3D high-top chemistry-climate model to study the related atmospheric effects. We showed that the event has significantly affected the upper atmospheric chemistry and produced up to 300% increase in odd nitrogen around 80 km.
We present a study of the mesospheric ozone and chemical composition response to the highly energetic electron precipitations (EEP) recorded in winter during balloon flights over the polar latitudes. Ionization rates (IR) caused by the EEP were calculated considering the energy spectra and fluence retrieved from balloon observations. We analyze the response of the ozone-depleting components such as the odd nitrogen NOx and the hydrogen HOx groups and estimate the ozone (O3) depletion caused by the precipitating electrons with an energy of more than 30 keV. In the presented study, two 1D radiative-convective models with different methods of interpreting NOx and HOx , and processing the IR data are used. One of the model vesrions exploits parametrization of the of NOx and HOx production as a function of the ionization rate. The other one is 1-D radiative-convective model with interactive neutral and ion chemistry. The second model version is treated with the parametrization affecting ion chemistry has also been improved, so that we can now obtain the EEP effects on the atmospheric nitric acid (HNO3).
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