We have developed an electron-beam-addressed, lithium niobate spatial light modulator that converts RS-170 standard video signals into phase and/or amplitude modulation of coherent or incoherent radiation. This compact device has an 18 mm active area, greater than 1000:1 contrast ratio for monochromatic light, 16 gray levels, high optical efficiency, less than (lambda) /4 reflected wavefront distortion, greater than 5 line-pairs/mm resolution at 50% MTF and potential frame rates of up to 30 Hz. The device can be tailored for readout over a broad wavelength (0.4 to 4 micrometers ), has no pixel-fixed-pattern noise, and offers continuous gray scale in both the amplitude and phase operating modes. The device has been used as a general purpose programmable mask and as a computer generated image display. Its application areas also include optical computing, large screen projection displays, pattern recognition systems, optical neural networks, and reconfigurable interconnection system. This paper describes the device construction, its performance limitations, and its applications.
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