We designed a vertical split ring resonator metamaterial to achieve a highly directive perfect absorber and emitter in the mid-infrared region based on the Generalized Kerker Condition. The results show zero backscattering and high directivity via the electric dipole-electric quadrupole interference. The metal stress-driven self-folding method was applied to fabricate the vertical metamaterial efficiently. We both experimentally and analytically demonstrated the absorption and the angular dispersion. The angle-resolved emission radiation pattern is visualized which agrees with the simulation results. This metamaterial can not only be an Infrared receiver but also an emitter. We provide a novel strategy to conceive a polarization-sensitive/-insensitive, single-/multiband, and highly directive vertical metamaterial perfect absorber and emitter in the Mid-Infrared region.
In this study, we design a vertical split-ring resonator for an active plasmonic polarizer. By using E-beam lithography, we can define the arm length and arm width of the VSRR. Then we deposited Ni and Au bilayer and do the lift-off process. Further, we utilized CF4-assisted inductively coupled plasma reactive ion etching (ICP-RIE) to isotropically etch the sacrificial layer below. The arms of the pattern were then simultaneously released and self-folded because of the residual stress in the metal film. Due to the vertical anisotropic structure, we can achieve different phase accumulation along the x and y-axis. When we illuminate linear polarized light at a certain polarization angle, we can achieve a reflective circular polarized light. By applying current on the device, the joule heat would lead the vertical structure to bend toward the substrate. The resonance changes as the curvature of the arm, then we will again get a linear polarized light. By the simulation, now we can get a full change in the reflection light from circularly polarized light to linear polarized light at 55 THz. This VSRR polarizer can also be applied in the transmittance mode. The transmittance can also get a full change from circular to linear polarized light at 37 THz. Overall, this method of fabricating VSRR can easily tune the structure to fit into different resonance frequencies, and the design can achieve a high-efficiency polarizer both in reflection and transmittance modes.
Plasmonic materials that show strong electromagnetic field confinement effects hybridized with atomically thin transition metal dichalcogenides exhibit strong light–matter interactions. Herein, such a system has been designed in the form of a silicon nanowire (SiNW)/ gold nanoparticles (AuNP)/ molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanofilms heterostructure (SiNW/AuNP/MoS2), which exhibits excellent photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reactions. The absorption frequency of 2D-MoS2, the antireflection frequency of 1D-SiNW, and the resonance frequency of the 0D-AuNP, respectively, match with the visible range, indicating that the material effectively utilizes solar energy. Additionally, an optimal MoS2 structure that is a hybrid of both 1T and 2H phases was prepared with high reproducibility using facile pyrolysis, with the structure benefiting the hydrogen evolution performance of the material. Moreover, the silicon nanowire substrate exhibits high antireflection properties due to light-trapping effects, achieving 95% for the visible light absorption. By introducing silicon nanowire, a p–n junction is formed at the MoS2/Silicon nanowire interface that facilitates charge separation. The 1D silicon nanowire/0D gold nanoparticles /2D MoS2 nanofilms exhibits a high hydrogen generation rate of 246 mmol g−1 h−1. Overall, a low-cost, eco-friendly hybrid-structured catalyst was designed that exhibits excellent HER performance.
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