Controlled release of ATP can be used for understanding extracellular purinergic signaling. While coarse
mechanical forces and hypotonic stimulation have been utilized in the past to initiate ATP release from cells,
these methods are neither spatially accurate nor temporally precise. Further, these methods cannot be utilized
in a highly effective cell-specific manner. To mitigate the uncertainties regarding cellular-specificity and
spatio-temporal release of ATP, we herein demonstrate use of optogenetics for ATP release. ATP release in
response to optogenetic stimulation was monitored by Luciferin-Luciferase assay (North American firefly,
photinus pyralis) using luminometer as well as mesoscopic bioluminescence imaging. Our result
demonstrates repetitive release of ATP subsequent to optogenetic stimulation. It is thus feasible that
purinergic signaling can be directly detected via imaging if the stimulus can be confined to single cell or in a
spatially-defined group of cells. This study opens up new avenue to interrogate the mechanisms of purinergic
signaling.
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