In the process of signal acquisition by laser microphones, the high frequency components of speech are missing due to nonadditive distortion. In this paper, we proposed an end-to-end speech bandwidth extension (BWE) approach to recover narrow-band speech acquired by laser microphones. Our preliminary research showed that speech enhancement algorithms based on log-magnitude spectrogram in the frequency domain could not achieve satisfactory performance for this task. Therefore, we designed a speech BWE model in time domain, this model was modified by Wave-U-Net structure, we introduced the time convolution module (TCM), the dilation of convolution is helpful to increase receptive field, improves speech long-range correlation, at the same time introduced the multi-resolution loss function (LMSTFT) instead of the mean square error (MSE), the time-domain Wave-U-Net method avoided the decoupling of magnitude and phase in the frequency domain. The results showed that the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of speech was improved significantly compared with approach in the frequency domain, and obtained elaborate high-frequency components than frequency-domain convolutional recurrent network (CRN). We chose laser speech to test the model in an actual scene, which further verifies the practicability of the structure through the speech spectrum analysis, and had better performance and generalization ability than the original Wave-U-Net model.
The Laser Doppler Vibrometry (LDV) system can measure parameters such as amplitude, velocity and acceleration of micro-vibrating objects. However, in the actual measurement process, in addition to the probe beam and the reference beam, as the surface roughness of the measured object increases and the diffuse reflectance decreases, the echo energy of the laser will decrease rapidly. This phenomenon can be extended to heterodyne detection systems. Due to the limitation of optical devices, the third beam (ie stray beam) caused by parasitic reflection is unavoidable. At the same time, the third beam has a certain intensity and phase distribution, which seriously affects signal demodulation of micro-vibrating objects. This paper analyzes the effects of multi-beam interference competition in heterodyne demodulation systems. Mathematical analysis shows that the interference competition depends on the signal amplitude, the interferometric light intensity ratio and the relative phase difference. Through mathematical derivation and simulation verification, the following conclusions can be drawn: when the relative phase difference is π rad, when the ratio of light intensity between the probe light and the stray light is controlled to tend to one, the simple harmonic motion with an amplitude of 1 nm is demodulated, and the amplitude can be observed to be nearly 200 times of the enhancement effect. For micro vibration with different amplitudes, the simulation shows that when the amplitude coefficient is π, the demodulation amplitude does not have amplification effect, and the amplitude coefficient is π can be used as the limit of demodulation amplitude amplification. This method has great application value in the high-sensitivity measurement direction of micro-vibrating objects.
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