The next generation technology and emerging memory devices require gradually tighter lithographic focus control on imaging critical layers. Especially in case of BEOL process, big PDO (Process Dependent Offset) from large intra-field topography steps affects the process margin directly. There are couple of scanner options to reduce PDO, such as AGILE which provides several benefits. However, for certain use cases the AGILE sensor may not be the optimal solution.
In this paper, we introduce the concept and development background of iFPC (intra-field Finger Print Correction). iFPC is a scanner option that removes the generic 3D fingerprint seen in the leveling data so that both process dependency and actual wafer topography are not followed during wafer exposure.
In addition, we compare the degree of process margin improvement when applying iFPC compared to that of AGILE on a critical layer. The achieved results demonstrate that by applying iFPC it is possible to gain an additional 15~20nm DoF. In other words, on this use case our feasibility suggests that by removing the generic 3D fingerprint seen in the leveling data, it is possible to achieve a better focus performance than when trying to follow the topography during scanning.
In conclusion, we found another good way to improve the process margin through this comparative experiment. Therefore, our next step will be to setup the methodology to select the use cases where iFPC is the optimal solution.
Shrinking pattern sizes dictate that scanner-to-scanner variations for HVM products shrink proportionally. This paper shows the ability to identify (a subset of) root causes for mismatch between ArF immersion scanners using scanner metrology. The root cause identification was done in a Samsung HVM factory using a methodology (Proximity Matching Budget Breakdown or PromaBB) developed by ASML. The proper identification of root causes-1 helps to select what combination of scanner control parameters should be used to reduce proximity differences of critical patterns while minimizing undesirable side effects from cross-compensation. Using PromaBB, the difference between predicted and measured CD mismatch was below 0.2nm. PromaBB has been proposed for HVM implementation at Samsung in combination with other ASML fab applications: Pattern Matcher Full Chip (PMFC), Image Tuner and FlexWave.
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