The exact segmentation of nucleus and plasma of a white blood cell (leukocyte) is the basis for the creation of an
automatic, image based differential white blood cell count(WBC). In this contribution we present an approach
for the according segmentation of leukocytes. For a valid classification of the different cell classes, a precise
segmentation is essential. Especially concerning immature cells, which can be distinguished from their mature
counterparts only by small differences in some features, a segmentation of nucleus and plasma has to be as precise
as possible, to extract those differences. Also the problems with adjacent erythrocyte cells and the usage of a LED
illumination are considered. The presented approach can be separated into several steps. After preprocessing by
a Kuwahara-filter, the cell is localized by a simple thresholding operation, afterwards a fast-marching method for
the localization of a rough cell boundary is defined. To retrieve the cell area a shortest-path-algorithm is applied
next. The cell boundary found by the fast-marching approach is finally enhanced by a post-processing step. The
concluding segmentation of the cell nucleus is done by a threshold operation. An evaluation of the presented
method was done on a representative sample set of 80 images recorded with LED illumination and a 63-fold
magnification dry objective. The automatically segmented cell images are compared to a manual segmentation
of the same dataset using the Dice-coefficient as well as Hausdorff-distance. The results show that our approach
is able to handle the different cell classes and that it improves the segmentation quality significantly.
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