Nikon has been developing the full field exposure tool called EUV1 for process development of 32nm hp node and beyond. The unique feature of EUV1 is the capability of variable illumination coherence and off-axis illumination. EUV1 was installed in Selete and used for EUV lithography process development. Nikon also has conducted continuous collaborative works with customers using EUV1. Since the last SPIE Symposium in 2009, many exposure results with EUV1 tools were obtained. They showed excellent resolution capability beyond 24nm L/S with off-axis illumination and stable overlay capability of 10nm (Mean + 3 sigma). Process development exposures of test chip patterns are ongoing. With regard to HVM tool development, imaging capability with high NA projection optics and throughput capability are reviewed.
The full-field EUV exposure tool dubbed EUV1 was fully integrated and we started static and scanning exposures with the projection optics NA (Numerical Aperture) of 0.25 and conventional partial illumination with coherence factor of 0.8. 32nm elbow patterns were resolved in full arc field in static exposure. In the central area 25nm L/S patterns were resolved. In the scanning exposure, 32nm L/S patterns were successfully exposed on a full wafer. Wavefront error of the projection optics was improved to 0.4nmRMS. Flare impact on imaging was clarified under the flare evaluation using Kirk test. Metal oxide capping layer and oxygen injection method to suppress carbon deposition were developed for the contamination control. Imaging capability with high NA projection optics is also reviewed.
Full-field EUV exposure tool named EUV1 integrated and exposure experiments were started with the numerical aperture of the projection optics of 0.25 and conventional partial illumination with coherence factor of 0.8. 32nm elbow patterns were resolved in full arc field in static exposure. In the central area 25nm line-and-space patterns were resolved. In scanning exposure, 32nm line-and-space patterns were successfully exposed on a full wafer. Wavefront error of the projection optics was improved to 0.4nmRMS. Flare impact on imaging was clarified depend on the flare evaluation using Kirk test. Metal oxide capping layer and oxygen injection method were developed for the contamination control in EUV exposure tools. High-NA projection optics design is also reviewed.
Extreme Ultra Violet Lithography (EUVL) has been widely regarded as the lithography technology to succeed
optical lithography. It is now considered as one of the most promising technologies below hp45nm node [1], following
ArF immersion lithography considering trend of achievable process K1 factors. In this paper we would like to present
our significant progress on the development of EUV exposure tool. There are several key important areas which should
be developed to realize EUVL to be feasible, such as reflective mask, resist, and tool itself. The reflective mask features
such characteristics as pellicle-less, ultra-smooth blank flatness and defect free. The resist should be of high sensitivity
and small line edge roughness (LER) as well as fine resolution. EUV exposure tool itself consists of major modules
such as EUV light source, projection optics, vacuum body, vacuum stages, and so on. Nikon has developed new
polishing technologies such as ion-beam figuring and elastic emission machining, and new ultra high-precision
interferometers for aspheric surface metrology. Our multi-layer coating technology has been also improved. High
reflective Mo/Si multi layer coating has been successfully achieved and irradiation tests using synchrotron radiation
have been conducted. Successful achievement of those developments enables us to produce full-field projection optics
for EUVL process development tool called EUV1. The proto-type development of full-field projection optics has been
successfully completed and its technical achievement has reflected into production optics. Preparation of complete set
of production and metrology tools necessary for projection optics production was completed and all tools are now in
full operation.
Nikon has already developed dual pod reticle carrier for EUV1 tool. In parallel Nikon has been developing the
same concept carrier for HVM in cooperation with Canon and Entegris.
Regarding to EUV1 tool development, all modules of EUV1 such as full-field projection optics module,
illumination optics module, vacuum body module, vacuum compatible reticle/wafer stage modules, reticle/wafer loader
modules, EUV light source module have been completed. Nikon has already started EUV1 module installation process
and the module level function and basic performance have been being checked. Nikon will complete module integration
to achieve the first exposure result. Some development results will be shown which lead to confidence for realization of
EUVL. Nikon also would like to announce that development of 1st generation production EUVL tool named EUV2 has
been studied.
Extreme Ultra Violet Lithography (EUVL) has been widely regarded as the lithography technology to succeed optical lithography. It is now considered as one of the most promising technologies below hp45nm node [1], following ArF immersion lithography considering trend of achievable process K1 factors shown in Fig. 1. In this paper we would like to present significant progress on the development of EUV exposure tool. There are several key important areas which should be developed to realize EUVL to be feasible such as reflective mask, resist, and tool itself. The reflective mask features such characteristics as pellicle-less, ultra-smooth blank flatness and defect free. The resist should be of high sensitivity and small line edge roughness (LER) as well as fine resolution. EUV exposure tool itself consists of major modules such as EUV light source, projection optics, vacuum body, vacuum stages, and so on. As far as EUVL optics development is concerned, through the development of high-NA small-field EUV exposure system (HiNA) in conjunction with EUVA (Extreme Ultraviolet Lithography System Development Association) projects, we have developed new polishing technologies such as ion-beam figuring and elastic emission machining, and new ultra high-precision interferometers for aspheric surface metrology. Wave front sensor system has been also developed partly in EUVA project. A new wave front sensor system which can be used for evaluating the projection optics with EUV light has already been installed in New SUBARU synchrotron facility in University of Hyogo. Our multi-layer coating technology has been also improved. High reflective Mo/Si multi layer coating has been successfully achieved and irradiation tests using synchrotron radiation have been conducted [8]. Successful achievement of those developments enables us to produce full-field projection optics for EUVL process development tool called EUV1. Proto-type development of full-field projection optics has been successfully completed and evaluated to be of enough performance. Preparation of complete set of production and metrology tools necessary for projection optics production was completed and all tools are now in full operation.
Nikon has studied reticle protection method and developed Dual Pod Concept in cooperation with Canon. Nikon also has developed its own reticle cover to be implemented in EUV1 tool.
Nikon has completed almost all module fabrication such as full-field projection optics module, illumination optics module, vacuum body module, vacuum compatible reticle/wafer stage modules, reticle/wafer loader modules, and EUV light source module. Nikon has already got into module integration production process to meet EUV1 development schedule. Nikon announced to start EUV1 tool installation in 1st half of 2007 and has been proceeding it on schedule. Nikon also would like to announce that development of 1st generation production EUVL tool dubbed EUV2 is now considered and that system concept design is under way.
Extreme Ultra Violet Lithography (EUVL) is considered as the most promising technology below hp45nm node, following ArF immersion lithography. In this paper we would like to present significant progress on the development of EUV exposure tool with recent encouraging data of mirror polishing accuracy and evaluation results of Nikon reticle protection concept. EUV exposure tool consists of major important modules such as EUV light source, projection optics, and so on. As far as EUVL optics development is concerned, through the development of high-NA small-field EUV exposure system (HiNA), our mirror polishing and metrology technologies of aspheric mirror surface and multi-layer coating technology have been remarkably improved and enable us to fabricate high-precision aspheric mirrors which meet the specification for EUV pre-production tools called EUV1. In the EUVA (Extreme Ultraviolet Lithography System Development Association) project, we have developed new polishing technologies such as ion-beam figuring and new high-precision interferometers for aspheric surface metrology. Wave front sensor systems have been also developed partly in EUVA project. Installation of a new wave front sensor system which can be used for evaluating the full-field projection optics with EUV light has already been started in New SUBARU synchrotron facility in University of Hyogo. EUV1 tool system design and its detailed design of all modules such as full-field projection optics module, illumination optics module, vacuum body module, vacuum compatible reticle/wafer stage modules, reticle/wafer loader modules have been completed. The results of development and prototyping of major modules such as vacuum stage modules and vacuum body module have been reflected in the actual tool design. Nikon has been also heavily involved in the infrastructure development such as mask handling development. In order to meet industry demands, Nikon has been already getting into EUV1 module fabrication phase. Nikon announces that EUV1 tool is scheduled to be delivered in 1st half of 2007.
Electron Projection Lithography (EPL) is considered one of promising technologies below 45nm node, especially for contact/via holes and gate layers. EPL has some nice features such as very high resolution to be applied for two device nodes, large process margin associated with large depth of focus and an expected lower CoO. Nikon has been developing an EPL tool, so-called EB Stepper. NSR-EB1A is the first EB Stepper that was designed as R&D tool for 65nm technology node and that was already delivered for Selete (Semiconductor Leading Edge Technologies, Inc.) at Tsukuba in Japan. Nikon has developed two NSR-EB1A tools so far, one system for Selete as a 300mm wafer system and the other for Nikon's development and evaluation as a 200mm wafer system. Both tools have already started to show full performance data and good stability characteristics. The latest EB1A tool performance shows very good results in such data as the resolution of 50nm 2:1 L/S and 60nm 1:1 dense contact holes patterns, stitching accuracy of around 18nm, and overlay accuracy of around 20nm(X+3sigma).
KEYWORDS: Electron beams, Semiconducting wafers, Magnetism, Electron beam lithography, Reticles, Projection lithography, Metrology, Control systems, Data modeling, Optical lithography
In the development of the electron beam projection lithography (EPL) tool, one of the most important tasks is to develop the high-speed vacuum stage system and reliable vacuum body system. Nikon has a long history of over 22 years in precision stage development for its optical lithography tools as well as over 10 years in electron beam (EB) instrument development such as EB 60 with NTT. Recently, lithography stages have been developed based on air bearing and linear motor technologies. It is desirable and of minimum risk to utilize those technologies for the EPL system in order to shorten total time period of development, but the requirements for the EB stage and body are much different from their optical counterparts and much more difficult. In this paper, development and implementation of the EPL vacuum stage system, vacuum body system, vacuum loader system, and control system are discussed and overviewed.
In the development of Electron Beam Projection Lithography Tool (EPL), one of the most important tasks is to develop the high-speed vacuum stage system and reliable vacuum body system. Nikon has a long history of over 22 years in precision stage development for its Optical Lithography Tools as well as over 10 years in EB instrument development such as EB 60 with NTT. Recently, lithography stages have been developed based on air bearing and linear motor technologies. It is desirable and of minimum risk to utilize those technologies for the EPL system in order to shorten total time period of development, but the requirements for the EB stage and body are much different from their optical counterparts and much more difficult. In this paper, development and implementation of EPL vacuum stage system, vacuum body system, vacuum loader system, and control system are discussed and over viewed.
Access to the requested content is limited to institutions that have purchased or subscribe to SPIE eBooks.
You are receiving this notice because your organization may not have SPIE eBooks access.*
*Shibboleth/Open Athens users─please
sign in
to access your institution's subscriptions.
To obtain this item, you may purchase the complete book in print or electronic format on
SPIE.org.
INSTITUTIONAL Select your institution to access the SPIE Digital Library.
PERSONAL Sign in with your SPIE account to access your personal subscriptions or to use specific features such as save to my library, sign up for alerts, save searches, etc.