Curvelet transform for image fusion can represent directional edges better than wavelet-based method, and can preserve
spectral information more effectively as well. The abilities of capturing texture characteristics of high-resolution images
and keeping color information of multispectral (MS) images make the fused images suitable to be classified for higher
classification accuracy. To test the effect of curvelet transform on images classification, this paper uses a tunable
HIS_Brovey method and curvelet-based method to fuse panchromatic (PAN) and MS IKONOS images respectively at
first; then classifies the original MS image and the two fused images, the same training sites of samples are selected
during the classification processing; and finally evaluates the classified images. The results show that original MS image,
the HIS-Brovey-based fused image and curvelet-based fused image have the overall classification accuracies of 79.80%,
82.83% and 86.87% respectively, among which the curvelet-based classified image obtains the highest accuracy, which
indicates that curvelet-based image fusion is more suitable for classification compared with the tunable
HIS-Brovey-based fusion method.
This paper presents a novel method for image fusion that integrates improved HIS and curvelet transform, and uses it to
fuse the IKONOS images. Firstly, red band is added to panchromatic band with weights to obtain a new panchromatic
band, and blue, green and near-infrared bands are stacked to form the RGB space, which is used for converting to HIS
space later. Secondly, the new panchromatic band and intensity component carry on curvelet transform respectively.
Then fuse the coefficients in the corresponding scales to generate a new intensity component. Finally, the inverse HIS
transform is applied to generate the fusion image. To prove the superiority of this method, this paper uses several
parameters to assess the image comparing with other fusion images. The results show that the proposed method can
increase the information entropy, decrease the spectrum distortion of the fused image, and improve the structural
similarity between the fused image and the original multispectral image. So all above prove that the integrated method
can enhance the fusion quality efficiently.
This paper takes Nanjing city as an example, analyzes diurnal and seasonal characteristics of UHI by eight granule and
sixteen scenes MODIS, respectively. The land cover index (LCI) has been constructed to get a quantitative analysis
about the changes of land use/land cover how to affect the distributional characteristics of urban thermal space. The
results indicate the diurnal intensity of UHI is stronger than night's no matter whichever season it happens, but different
season has different UHI intensity. The strongest intensity of UHI happens in autumn, the second in summer, the third in
spring, the last in winter. The most extensive in scope occurs in summer, the second in autumn, the third in spring, the
last in winter. There are three centers of heat island in Nanjing, mainly locating in industrial region, not in commercial or
residential region. The spatial distribution pattern of land use/land cover affects wholly the distributional pattern of the
urban heat space. The difference of surface material's thermal and biologic feature is the essential reasons of surface
temperature distribution difference. Artificial heat has important effect on heat island. The LCI can reflect surface soil
water content and vegetation cover and explains the essential reasons that each land use/land cover contributes
differentially to urban heat island. Such an index can allow changes in land use at neighborhood-scale to be input in the
initialization of atmospheric and hydrological models, as well as provides a new approach for urban heat island analysis.
The LCI of urban land use is smaller than that of water, forest and cropland. Smaller is LCI, stronger the intensity of
urban heat island is. For a special region, LCI will increase gradually per unit area with higher urbanization level. At last,
remote sensing scale how to affect UHI time and space character is discussed. The intensity and scope of urban heat
island results are different with different remote scale. The intensity and scope using ETM+ are all lager than that using
MODIS.
How to cull shadows and extract needed information accurately is particularly significant. For major remote sensing applications, it may be preferable that shadows are minimized and the detailed information in high-resolution satellite imagery is clear. Firstly this paper reviews some of basic methods of detecting and removing shadows, and outlines their disadvantages. Then taking Nanjing city as study area, we propose a novel method combing spatial-distribution relation with classification to detect building shadows from IKONOS imagery. When detecting and extracting shadows, a majority index based on neighborhood analysis is provided, and a 5-meter buffer analysis is operated after supervised classification. When removing the shadows, a piecewise linear contrast stretch and histogram match are used. The results show that the accuracy of shadows detection and extraction is 92.3%, but texture analysis is 88.1%, and the detail information within shadows regions is enhanced, and there are no bright edges around shadows regions by applying the techniques developed in this paper.
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