The standard treatment for infiltrative gliomas is surgery to remove as much tumor tissue as possible without compromising neurological functions. Thus, real-time identification of infiltrative tumor tissue is necessary. Here a fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIm) was used to distinguish between healthy brain and areas with different degrees of tumor cellularity as defined by histopathology. We conducted FLIm measurements and collected microbiopsies from tumor resection margins to identify the FLIm characteristics of tumor edges in cortex and white matter of low- and high-grade gliomas. Results from a 13-patient cohort indicate that FLIm identifies infiltrations of up to moderate tumor cellularity.
5-ALA induced PpIX is increasingly used for guiding brain tumor resection surgery. The current intensity-based approach fails at detecting lower concentrations of PpIX found in low-grade gliomas or the infiltrative edge of glioblastomas. Here, we report the first results in patients of real-time, PpIX fluorescence lifetime measurements using a hand-held fiber probe. Fluorescence from different spectral channels (390/40 nm (Collagen), 470/28 nm (NADH), 629/53 nm (PPIX)), is augmented onto a video stream of the surgical field-of-view to provide intraoperative tumor visualization in real-time. In-vivo data reveals strong contrast between regions of high PpIX accumulation associated with tumor (>8 ns) and healthy brain tissue (<4 ns).
Oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers are leading pathologies, representing 3% of all new cancer cases in the United States. Adequate intraoperative marginal clearance of these malignancies is essential for long-term survival; however, presently available techniques limit precise instantaneous tumor margin characterization. Herein, we report the clinical validation of a fiber-based fluorescence lifetime imaging device for real-time intraoperative tumor delineation. Results from 72 human patients are reported (autofluorescence trends, ROC-AUC), including diverse cancer histologies, anatomic sites (e.g. tongue, tonsil, etc.), and patient medical histories. Emphasis is placed on results governing the detection of unknown primary tumors from 4 patients, as well as data from 5 patients presenting with residual carcinoma.
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