Dr. Peter G. Huggard Profile

Dr. Peter G. Huggard

at Rutherford Appleton Lab

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Author

Publications (13)

Proceedings Article | 11 June 2021 Open Access

Miniaturised photonic front-end for the next generation of space SAR applications

T. Mengual, Vanessa Duarte, V. Polo, M. Piqueras, P. Sanchis, A. Brimont, D. Zurita, B. Chmielak, S. Suckow, A. Giesecke, E. Matarazzo, L. DiPalma, D. Maiarelli, H. Wang, P. Huggard

Proceedings Volume 11852, 1185255 (2021) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2599928

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There is a natural trade-off between spacecraft size and functionality in all current satellite applications, independently of orbit and mission. Therefore, advances in both miniaturization and integration technologies are required to increase satellites’ lifetime and performance, simultaneously reducing their cost. In case of the next generation of Earth Observation satellites, one of the key development areas is synthetic aperture radar (SAR) antennas, where expected progress will be to increase the operating bandwidth - requiring, for instance wideband true-time delay (TTD) beamformers - and miniaturization, drastically reducing the mass and volume compared to current implementations. In this scenario, the use of photonic integrated circuits (PIC) technology in the beamforming network, in combination with an optical fibre harness, are obvious key enabling technologies for future SAR instruments. Optically implemented TTD beamforming structures achieve orders-of-magnitude improvements in size and mass compared with coaxial cable and RF switch based alternatives. Photonic technology also brings easy routing thanks to wavelength-division multiplexing, antenna and RF system integration due to the EMI -free characteristic of the optical fibre and a reduction of the risks associated with the in-orbit antenna deployment. Additionally, the inherent broadband characteristic of photonic technology, related to the transport and processing of RF signals, simplifies the beamforming network and signal distribution design for different frequencies, applications and missions. In the H2020 RETINA project (H2020-SPACE-2018-821943) a consortium formed by DAS Photonics, Airbus Italia, AMO GmbH, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory and Universitat Politècnica de València is developing a miniaturised photonic front-end for next-generation X-band space SAR applications. In this article we present advances in design and fabrication of PIC for TTD, the design and predicted performance of multi element, dual polarisation antenna building blocks and photoreceivers for phase and amplitude controlled optical to RF conversion.

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Proceedings Article | 12 October 2015 Paper

Photonic front-end for the next-generation of space SAR applications

M. Piqueras, T. Mengual, B. Chmielak, A. Catalani, P. Huggard, H. Wang, R. Ortuño

Proceedings Volume 9639, 96391I (2015) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2194966

KEYWORDS: Antennas, Photonic integrated circuits, Waveguides, Synthetic aperture radar, Integrated optics, X band, Phased array optics, Wave propagation, Switches, Silicon

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Proceedings Article | 23 July 2014 Paper

Efficient algorithms for optimising the optical performance of profiled smooth walled horns for future CMB and Far-IR missions

Darragh McCarthy, Neil Trappe, J. Anthony Murphy, Créidhe O'Sullivan, Marcin Gradziel, Stephen Doherty, Colm Bracken, Niall Tynan, Arturo Polegre, Peter Huggard

Proceedings Volume 9153, 915316 (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2056336

KEYWORDS: Phase measurement, Waveguides, Antennas, Scattering, Polarization, Sensors, Microwave radiation, Manufacturing, Bolometers, Throat

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Astronomical observations in the far-infrared are critical for investigation of cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation and the formation and evolution of planets, stars and galaxies. In the case of space telescope receivers, a strong heritage exists for corrugated horn antenna feeds to couple the far-infrared signals to the detectors mounted in a waveguide or cavity structure. Such antenna feeds have been utilized, for example, in the Planck satellite in both single-mode channels for the observation of the CMB and the multi-mode channels optimized for the detection of foreground sources. Looking to the demands of the future space missions, it is clear that the development of new technology solutions for the optimization and simplification of horn antenna structures will be required for large arrays. Horn antennas will continue to offer excellent control of beam and polarization properties for CMB polarisation experiments satisfying stringent requirements on low sidelobe levels, symmetry, and low cross polarization in large arrays. Similarly for far infrared systems, multi-mode horn and waveguide cavity structures are proposed to enhance optical coupling of weak signals for cavity coupled bolometers. In this paper we present a computationally efficient approach for modelling and optimising horn character-istics. We investigate smooth-walled horns that have an equivalent optical performance to that of corrugated horns traditionally used for CMB measurements. We discuss the horn optimisation process and the algorithms available to maximise performance of a merit parameter such as low cross polarisation or high Gaussicity. A single moded horn resulting from this design process has been constructed and experimentally verified in the W band. The results of the measurement campaign are presented in this paper and compared to the simulated results, showing a high level of agreement in co and cross polarisation radiation patterns, with low levels of integrated cross polar power. For future Far IR receivers using waveguide bounded bolometers and absorbers, an optimisation of the waveg-uide structures and absorber location within the integrating cavity is critical to maximise coupling performance particularly for multimoded systems. We outline the benefit of using multi-moded horns in focal plane arrays and illustrate the increased optical sensitivity associated with a many-moded approach, which may be optimized for coupling to particular incident beams.

Proceedings Article | 23 July 2014 Paper

Local oscillator development for focal plane array and supra-THz astronomy receivers

Manju Henry, Brian Ellison, Pawala Aryathilaka, Nick Brewster, Peter Huggard, Ghassan Yassin, Stafford Withington, Doris Maier

Proceedings Volume 9153, 91530O (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2056792

KEYWORDS: Diodes, Receivers, Terahertz radiation, Waveguides, Oscillators, Astronomy, Quartz, Staring arrays, Aluminum nitride, Photography

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Proceedings Article | 15 July 2010 Paper

ALMA front-end verification using dry cold load

Yoonjae Lee, Brian Ellison, Peter Huggard, Mark Harman, Abdelhakim Boughriet, Wojciech Bartynowski, Matthew Oldfield, Nigel Morris, Peter Hekman, Gie Han Tan

Proceedings Volume 7741, 77412K (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.857302

KEYWORDS: Receivers, Calibration, Fourier transforms, Reflectivity, Temperature metrology, Cryogenics, Reflection, Liquids, Absorption, Polarization

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Proceedings Article | 2 October 2008 Paper

94 GHz FMCW cloud radar

P. Huggard, M. Oldfield, B. Moyna, B. Ellison, D. Matheson, A. Bennett, C. Gaffard, T. Oakley, J. Nash

Proceedings Volume 7117, 711704 (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.800347

KEYWORDS: Radar, Clouds, Knowledge management, Antennas, Meteorology, Oscillators, Electronic filtering, Linear filtering, Crystals, Receivers

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Proceedings Article | 8 October 2004 Paper

Integrated 1.55-µm photomixer local oscillator sources for heterodyne receivers from 70 GHz to beyond 250 GHz

Peter Huggard, Luis Azcona, Alexandre Laisne, Brian Ellison, Pengbo Shen, Nathan Gomes, Phil Davies

Proceedings Volume 5498, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.553104

KEYWORDS: Waveguides, Photodiodes, Oscillators, Receivers, Gold, Optical amplifiers, Heterodyning, Quartz, Photonics, Lamps

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Proceedings Article | 1 September 2004 Paper

Photonic generation and delivery of millimeter-wave reference signals

Pengbo Shen, Phillip Davies, Nathan Gomes, W. Shillue, Peter Huggard, Brian Ellison

Proceedings Volume 5466, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.548956

KEYWORDS: Polarization, Phase shift keying, Signal generators, Modulators, Optical filters, Modulation, Laser stabilization, Interference (communication), Dispersion, Mode locking

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Proceedings Article | 1 September 2004 Paper

Integrated 1.55 µm photomixer local oscillators for heterodyne receivers at mm wavelengths

Peter Huggard, Luis Azcona, Alexandre Laisne, Brian Ellison, Pengbo Shen, Nathan Gomes, Phillip Davies

Proceedings Volume 5466, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.548964

KEYWORDS: Waveguides, Photodiodes, Quartz, Optical amplifiers, Oscillators, Heterodyning, Receivers, Gold, Lamps, Photonics

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Proceedings Article | 9 September 1999 Paper

Mechanism of THz emission from asymmetric double quantum wells

S. Andrews, Peter Huggard, C. Shaw, J. Cluff, R. Grey

Proceedings Volume 3828, (1999) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.361041

KEYWORDS: Excitons, Terahertz radiation, Quantum wells, Scattering, Polarization, Picosecond phenomena, Magnetism, Electrons, Electroluminescence, Silicon

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Proceedings Article | 9 February 1995 Paper

Evidence for grain boundary substructure in high-Tc superconductor thin films from Josephson photoresponse

Giselher Schneider, T. O'Brien, Werner Blau, Peter Huggard, Wilhelm Prettl

Proceedings Volume 2362, (1995) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.200987

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Proceedings Article | 30 August 1993 Paper

Rugged far infrared bandpass filters

P. Huggard

Proceedings Volume 2104, 21044Y (1993) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2298610

KEYWORDS: Bandpass filters, Far infrared, Optical filters, Waveguides, Printing, Signal attenuation, Metals, Nickel, Dielectric filters, Spectroscopy

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Proceedings Article | 1 October 1991 Paper

High speed nonlinear detection of short pulses of mid and far infrared radiation with a current biased granular thin film of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8

P. Huggard

Proceedings Volume 1576, 157619 (1991) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2297758

KEYWORDS: Far infrared, Thin films, Temperature metrology, Excimer lasers, Carbon dioxide lasers, Physics, Mid-IR, Sputter deposition, Optical lithography, Laser ablation

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Showing 5 of 13 publications

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