We used enhanced darkfield microscopy (EDM) to record hyperspectral images (HSI) of attached cells from SW1353 chondrosarcoma cell line exposed to ionizing radiation (X-rays, protons). Our investigations are conducted to highlight the effects induced by the incident radiation onto cells characteristics, their structural and morphological changes, revealed by HSI images. The cell nucleus was segmented and analysed separately on their entire area or at the level of a single pixel. Global analysis of the whole nucleus area was performed to find geometrical parameters: area, perimeter, major axis, circularity, eccentricity, solidity. Statistical analysis was performed on distributions of intensity values separated on five spectral intervals. Local analysis, at single-pixel level or at regions of interest was performed in terms of spectral profile, separated on nucleus and cytoplasm. This study suggests that the nonirradiated cells have spectral profiles with multiple maxima, in contrast with the irradiated cells which display single-peak spectral profiles. Differences between irradiated and nonirradiated cells were observed in parameters like area, eccentricity, solidity, kurtosis, skewness at different spectral intervals.
Electroporation-based techniques are known for their potential to temporarily increase cells membrane permeability by controlled electric fields for transfer of non-permeant molecules; these techniques evolved in many useful biomedical applications. Current research in this domain addresses both experimental and computational analysis in a complementary manner. Numerical simulations, considering realistic cell shapes and field exposure conditions can complete the experimental investigations by opening insights and providing quantitative data. Our approach here provides cell models for EP simulations, based on experimental acquisition of images in a holographic microscopy setup and digital reconstruction of phase images of living attached B16F10 murine melanoma cells. A procedure to process and import phase images in dedicated finite element software COMSOL Multiphysics is described in detail. Based on such realistically shaped computational domains, the electric field problem is successively defined and solved under time-harmonic electric excitation, uniformly applied; the frequency dependent dielectric properties are set accordingly. Induced transmembrane voltage distribution is the representative numerical output of the analysis shown here for different exposure conditions (membrane regions under stress, dielectric properties, field frequency), aiming to evaluate their potential efficiency on electroporation.
Random numbers play a significant role in fields like scientific simulations and cryptography. Here we describe a physical random number generator based on the intrinsic randomness of quantum mechanics. We design a simple method to produce and analyze random sequences starting with a source of correlated/entangled photon pairs as an entropy source. We generate random bits from the coincidence rates of photon pairs in 3 steps: (i) generate correlated/entangled photon pairs, (ii) convert the coincidence rates from decimal to binary, (iii) apply a randomness extraction procedure (post-processing). In this approach, we have tested the influence of entanglement on the entire generation process. In order to obtain a good-quality random sequance, we have used and compared two different extractors in the post-processing step.
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