KEYWORDS: Tumors, Photodynamic therapy, Luminescence, Magnetic resonance imaging, Cancer, In vivo imaging, Absorption, Oncology, Breast cancer, Positron emission tomography
Purpurinimides, derived from chlorophyll-a, are tumor avid, stable in vivo and show a strong absorption in the near IR
region (700 nm) with a high singlet oxygen (>50%) producing efficiency. Such a characteristic could be useful in
treating large and deeply seated tumors by photodynamic therapy (PDT). These long wavelength photosensitizers can be
used as vehicles to deliver the imaging agents to tumors. Therefore, by linking suitable tumor imaging moiety with
purpurinimide could produce a novel bifunctional agent, which could possess the desired photo physical properties for
both tumor detection as well as photodynamic therapy. Such image guided therapy would represent an archetype for
cancer treatment.
Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) is emerging as a successful tool to treat both malignant and benign tumors. It involves the
interaction of a photosensitizer which upon activation by the appropriate light dose, leads to a cytotoxic and vasculotoxic
photodynamic reaction. Improvements in PDT in areas such as the delivery and selectivity of photosensitizers,
light-delivery and overall efficacy have helped to increase its attractiveness as an option for therapy. For optimizing the
PDT treatment by a "see and treat approach," we have developed a number of tumor avid photosensitizers (PS) namely
HPPH-Cyanine dye conjugates or other compounds (Iodinated photosensitizers) which have the ability for Optical and/or
PET imaging as well as being effective photosensitizers for treatment. Hyperthermia refers to various techniques of heat
application which may be delivered as a single modality or as part of an adjunct treatment option to the existing cancer
therapies. Depending upon the temperature range used, hyperthermia might either directly induce cell kill or enhance the
efficacy of other treatment modalities. Hyperthermia increases blood flow within the body, which may allow for higher
dose delivery of photosensitizers with subsequent increased therapeutic efficacy of PDT. Hyperthermia could also
increase the sensitivity of molecular imaging. The use of multifunctional photosensitizers for imaging and PDT is an
emerging area and we have developed a few such agents in our lab. We wish to explore the use of hyperthermia to
improve the use of such multifunctional photosensitizers from the point of view of imaging and/or therapy.
Hyperthermia can be performed either as a whole-body mode or as localized mode. Our goal is to see which of the two
heating modalities offers us better outcome.
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