Current ground penetrating radar algorithms for landmine detection require accurate estimates of the location
of the air/ground interface to maintain high levels of performance. However, the presence of surface clutter,
natural soil roughness, and antenna motion lead to uncertainty in these estimates. Previous work on improving
estimates of the location of the air/ground interface have focused on one-dimensional filtering techniques to
localize the air/ground interface. In this work, we propose an algorithm for interface localization using a 2-
D Gaussian Markov random field (GMRF). The GMRF provides a statistical model of the surface structure,
which enables the application of statistical optimization techniques. In this work, the ground location is inferred
using iterated conditional modes (ICM) optimization which maximizes the conditional pseudo-likelihood of the
GMRF at a point, conditioned on its neighbors. To illustrate the efficacy of the proposed interface localization
approach, pre-screener performance with and without the proposed ground localization algorithm is compared.
We show that accurate localization of the air/ground interface provides the potential for future performance
improvements.
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