Dr. Hartwig R. Blume Profile

Dr. Hartwig R. Blume

Senior Scientist at Planar Systems Inc

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Author

Publications (21)

Proceedings Article | 30 May 2003 Paper

Characterization of liquid-crystal displays for medical images: II

Hartwig Blume, Peter Steven, Anne Ho, Fred Stevens, Adi Abileah, Scott Robinson, Hans Roehrig, Jiahua Fan, Amarpreet Chawla, Kunal Gandhi

Proceedings Volume 5029, (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.479774

KEYWORDS: LCDs, Modulation transfer functions, CRTs, Modulation, Liquid crystals, Calibration, Signal to noise ratio, Photometry, Displays, CCD cameras

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Proceedings Article | 17 May 2002 Paper

Characterization of high-resolution liquid crystal displays for medical images

Hartwig Blume, Peter Steven, Marlin Cobb, Anne Ho, Fred Stevens, Steve Muller, Hans Roehrig, Jiahua Fan

Proceedings Volume 4681, (2002) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.466930

KEYWORDS: LCDs, Modulation, CRTs, Modulation transfer functions, Signal to noise ratio, Photometry, Liquid crystals, Calibration, Cameras, CCD cameras

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Proceedings Article | 3 May 2002 Paper

Evaluation of plain-film digitizers: a comparison of different systems and models

Hans Roehrig, William Dallas, Hartwig Blume, Elizabeth Krupinski, Michel Rogulski, Jiahua Fan, Khushroo Gandhi

Proceedings Volume 4682, (2002) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.465616

KEYWORDS: Modulation transfer functions, Binary data, Charge-coupled devices, Laser scanners, Absorbance, Fourier transforms, Spatial frequencies, Systems modeling, Signal to noise ratio, Printing

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Proceedings Article | 7 August 2001 Paper

Practical aspects of grayscale calibration of display systems

Hartwig Blume, Anne Ho, Fred Stevens, Peter Steven

Proceedings Volume 4323, (2001) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.435509

KEYWORDS: Calibration, Photometry, CRTs, LCDs, Displays, Sensors, Modulation, Tablets, Imaging systems, Computing systems

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Proceedings Article | 18 May 2000 Paper

Cardio-PACs: a new opportunity

Frederick Heupler, James Thomas, Hartwig Blume, Robert Cecil, Mary Heisler

Proceedings Volume 3980, (2000) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.386398

KEYWORDS: Image quality, Digital imaging, Modulation transfer functions, CRTs, Image processing, Image compression, Digital image processing, Imaging systems, Modulation, Echocardiography

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Proceedings Article | 18 April 2000 Paper

Software for CRT image quality evaluation

Hans Roehrig, William Dallas, Hartwig Blume, Mahesh Sivarudrappa

Proceedings Volume 3976, (2000) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.383068

KEYWORDS: CRTs, Image analysis, Image quality, CCD cameras, Modulation transfer functions, Statistical analysis, Image processing, Calibration, Radiology, Software development

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Proceedings Article | 13 July 1998 Paper

Scalability, performance, and fault tolerance of PACS architectures

Hartwig Blume, Fred Prior, Milan di Pierro, John Goble, Jonas Lodgberg, Robert Kenney, Fred Goeringer

Proceedings Volume 3339, (1998) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.319760

KEYWORDS: Picture Archiving and Communication System, Data modeling, Image processing, Image storage, Radiology, Data storage, Computer architecture, Diagnostics, Surgery, Telecommunications

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Three data-base architectures may be distinguished among Picture Archiving and Communication Systems (PACSs): (1) Configurations with logically and physically centralized data- base and file server, (2) systems with physically distributed file servers and a logically centralized data-base, and (3) installations with logically and physically distributed data- bases and file servers. A brief overview of these architectures and their scaleability, performance, and fault- tolerance is given. A PACS for an existing large university hospital is designed for the first as well as the second architecture using given image production data and workflow. We evaluate the fault-tolerance of the two architectures. By modeling the work-flow and employing queuing theory, solutions with practically realizable data transfer requirements are found for both architectures. With today's performance and cost of computers, storage, and information management technologies, the second and third architectures are preferably implemented, depending on the size of the installation. The architectures offer almost unlimited scaleability, very high fault-tolerance, and optimized workflow. We describe a modern commercial PACS that adheres to the open-systems concept and consists of software application programs that run, independent of specific computer and network components, on off-the-shelf hardware and under standard multi-platform operating systems and utilize commercial data-base management systems and network managers. The system is based on the second architecture with multiple islands of functionality, each with servers and archive modules and a physically distributed data-base. Our PACS architecture supports browser technology: Workstations use the data-base to determine the location of needed information and then, through the image browser, mount the appropriate file server for access. The architecture supports a concept similar to domain name server (DNS) directory services on the Internet. The system can be expanded to enterprise-wide installations with a logically distributed data-base. Openness, scaleability, and longevity of a PACS also strongly depend on the architecture of software applications in the operating and tool-set environment as well as on the distribution of image processing tasks across a PACS. These issues are discussed in the last section of our paper. We are presenting an image processing strategy that provides a consistent rendering of image gray-scale and spatial resolution throughout the entire PACS.

Proceedings Article | 22 May 1997 Paper

Filmless digital chest radiography within the radiology department

Gregory Reiker, Hartwig Blume, Richard Slone, Pamela Woodard, David Gierada, Stuart Sagel, R. Gilbert Jost, G. James Blaine

Proceedings Volume 3035, (1997) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.274591

KEYWORDS: CRTs, Image processing, Modulation transfer functions, Image quality, Displays, Contrast transfer function, Modulation, Chest, Aluminum, Charge-coupled devices

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Proceedings Article | 7 May 1997 Paper

New high-brightness monochrome monitor based on color CRT technology

Gerhard Spekowius, Martin Weibrecht, Carlo D'Adda, Antonio Antonini, Carlo Casale, Hartwig Blume

Proceedings Volume 3031, (1997) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.273946

KEYWORDS: CRTs, Video, Control systems, Magnetism, Displays, Medical imaging, Surgery, Modulation transfer functions, Signal to noise ratio, Image quality standards

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Proceedings Article | 7 May 1997 Paper

Image-quality assessment of monochrome monitors for medical soft copy display

Martin Weibrecht, Gerhard Spekowius, Peter Quadflieg, Hartwig Blume

Proceedings Volume 3031, (1997) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.273901

KEYWORDS: Video, Interference (communication), CRTs, Imaging systems, Cameras, Amplifiers, Stochastic processes, Image quality, Medical imaging, Raster graphics

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Proceedings Article | 15 April 1996 Paper

ACR/NEMA proposal for a gray-scale display function standard

Hartwig Blume

Proceedings Volume 2707, (1996) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.238462

KEYWORDS: Displays, CRTs, Photometry, Printing, Standards development, Absorbance, Contrast sensitivity, Digital imaging, Visualization, Modulation

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Proceedings Article | 15 April 1996 Paper

Are medical image display systems perceptually optimal? Measurements before and after perceptual linearization

Bradley Hemminger, Hartwig Blume

Proceedings Volume 2707, (1996) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.238486

KEYWORDS: Displays, Medical imaging, Visualization, Visual process modeling, Video, Statistical analysis, Image processing, Manufacturing, Image quality standards, Mammography

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Proceedings Article | 27 April 1995 Paper

Display of medical images on CRT soft-copy displays: a tutorial

Edward Muka, Hartwig Blume, Scott Daly

Proceedings Volume 2431, (1995) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.207628

KEYWORDS: CRTs, Medical imaging, Visualization, Modulation, Radiology, Target detection, Visual system, Chest, Light sources and illumination, Data modeling

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Proceedings Article | 27 April 1995 Paper

Hard copies for digital medical images: an overview

Hartwig Blume, Edward Muka

Proceedings Volume 2413, (1995) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.207579

KEYWORDS: Printing, Radiography, Modulation, CRTs, Nonimpact printing, Image quality, Digital imaging, Absorbance, Image quality standards, Signal to noise ratio

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Proceedings Article | 30 June 1993 Paper

Presentation of medical images on CRT displays: a renewed proposal for a display function standard

Hartwig Blume, Scott Daly, Edward Muka

Proceedings Volume 1897, (1993) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.146970

KEYWORDS: Contrast sensitivity, CRTs, Spatial frequencies, Displays, Standards development, Modulation, Eye, Data modeling, Image quality standards, Medical imaging

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Proceedings Article | 30 June 1993 Paper

Noise of CRT display systems

Hans Roehrig, Hartwig Blume, Tinglan Ji, Malur Sundareshan

Proceedings Volume 1897, (1993) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.146971

KEYWORDS: Signal to noise ratio, CRTs, Contrast sensitivity, Interference (communication), Eye, Spatial frequencies, Quantum efficiency, Electron beams, Modulation, Amplifiers

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Proceedings Article | 1 May 1992 Paper

Optimizing the display function of display devices

Tinglan Ji, Hans Roehrig, Hartwig Blume, Jose Guillen

Proceedings Volume 1653, (1992) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.59493

KEYWORDS: CRTs, Visualization, Image display, Signal to noise ratio, Spatial resolution, Radiography, Displays, Nonimpact printing, Receivers, Chest imaging

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Proceedings Article | 1 May 1991 Paper

Physical and psychophysical evaluation of CRT noise performance

Tinglan Ji, Hans Roehrig, Hartwig Blume, George Seeley, Michael Browne

Proceedings Volume 1444, (1991) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.45165

KEYWORDS: Signal to noise ratio, CRTs, Interference (communication), Radiology, X-ray imaging, X-rays, Signal detection, Solids, Computer engineering, Biomedical optics

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Proceedings Article | 1 July 1990 Paper

Comparison of the physical performance of high-resolution CRT displays and films recorded by laser image printers and displayed on light-boxes and the need for a display standard

Hartwig Blume, Hans Roehrig, Michael Browne, Tinglan Ji

Proceedings Volume 1232, (1990) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.18846

KEYWORDS: CRTs, Modulation, Medical imaging, Image quality, Signal to noise ratio, Image quality standards, Distortion, Nonimpact printing, Printing

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Proceedings Article | 1 July 1990 Paper

Signal-to-noise ratio and maximum information content of images displayed by a CRT

Hans Roehrig, Tinglan Ji, Michael Browne, William Dallas, Hartwig Blume

Proceedings Volume 1232, (1990) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.18847

KEYWORDS: CRTs, Signal to noise ratio, Interference (communication), Modulation transfer functions, Spatial resolution, Medical imaging, Information fusion, Raster graphics, Sensors, Imaging systems

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This paper describes the results of measurements which permit determination of the maximum information content of images displayed with a high resolution CRT of a nominal pixel matrix of 2000 x 2000 adressable pixels. These measurements are based on the precise determination of signal, noise and spatial resolution. Noise is measured both as temporal noise and as spatial noise, using both temporal and spatial sampling techniques. The dynamic range as given by the maximum and minimum values of luminance can be as high as 1900, however for practical settings of brightness and contrast it is about 424. The dynamic range is reduced from 424 to 1 38 as a result of veiling glare when the SMPTE pattern is displayed. The spatial noise was significantly larger than the temporal noise: For a command level of GL = 255, a single pixel and a single CRT frame, the temporal signal-to-noise Eatio was 59, while the spatial signal-to-noise ratio was only 7. The RMS noise (both spatial and temporal) was proportional to the squareroot of the respective bandwidths. Both temporal and spatial noise power spectra were independent of their respective frequencies (white noises). In the average, the size of a pixel was much larger than the size of an addressable pixel, indicating, that the total number of usable pixels was smaller than the number of addressable pixels: Instead of the addressable pixelmatrix of 2000 x 2000 pixels, we estimated only 532 x 548 "Noise-Equivalent" pixels. It was estimated, that for spatial integration over a single pixel and temporal integration over a single CRT frame, the maximum information content of images produced by this monitor, is 1.72 x 10⁶ bits, based on temporal noise; however due to spatial noise that number is reduced to 1.28 x 10⁶ bits. This contrasts sharply with the nominal information content of 3.2 x 10⁷ bits as determined from the nominal raster of 2000 x 2000 pixels and the 8 bits digitization at the display buffer.

Proceedings Article | 1 July 1990 Paper

ACR-NEMA standards activity: an update

Steven Horii, David Hill, Hartwig Blume, David Best, Bob Thompson, Cindy Fuscoe, David Snavely

Proceedings Volume 1232, (1990) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.18868

KEYWORDS: Standards development, Medical imaging, Picture Archiving and Communication System, Manufacturing, Magnetism, Data compression, Data communications, Image compression, Digital imaging, Telecommunications

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Showing 5 of 21 publications

Conference Committee Involvement (4)

Visualization, Image-Guided Procedures, and Display

12 February 2006 | San Diego, California, United States

Visualization, Image-Guided Procedures, and Display

13 February 2005 | San Diego, California, United States

Visualization, Image-Guided Procedures, and Display

15 February 2004 | San Diego, California, United States

Visualization, Image-Guided Procedures and Display

16 February 2003 | San Diego, California, United States

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