The paper presents the results of the possibility of a polarization-interference approach to the analysis of microscopic images polycrystalline blood films of patients of benign and malignant prostate tumours with different degrees of differentiation. Measurements and analysis of maps and histograms of the distribution of the local contrast value of polarization-interference distributions of microscopic images of polycrystalline blood films of patients . Determination of the relationship between the statistical moments of the 1st - 4th orders characterizing the distributions of the local contrast value of the polarization-interference distributions of microscopic images of polycrystalline blood films of patients. Determination of statistical criteria for polarization-interference diagnosis of histological sections of biopsy of adenoma and adenocarcinoma with varying degrees of differentiation. Determination of sensitivity, specificity, accuracy of the polarization interferometry method for differential diagnosis of polycrystalline blood films of patients of adenoma and adenocarcinoma with varying degrees of differentiation.
In statistical problems of optics to assess the nature of the distribution of random variables and in modern research in the field of signal processing, there is an interest in using Chebyshev-Hermit functions for coding and decoding of signals, since signal components can be described by Gram-Charlier distribution, which has universal properties, can substitute of all known distributions of random variables, and in the case of symmetry takes the form of a Gaussian distribution. A striking feature of skewness and kurtosis is their property of geometric interpretation. It is shown that the application of these parameters in decoding makes it possible to identify the overlapping signals. In statistic problems of rough surface optics, the use of distribution allows to explain some effects, in particular the spectral decomposition of white light observed at grazing angles, and the shift of the maximum specular reflection from the direction of specular luster to the right or left depending on the asymmetry sign.
An interference method for measuring relative phase shift between orthogonally linearly polarized beams at total internal reflection with accuracy of 0.6 rad was proposed at this paper. We experimentally showed that it is impossible to determine the relative longitudinal displacement between beams with orthogonal linear polarizations at total internal reflection by the phase difference in the interferometer. The method developed by us could be useful in measurement of the reflected beam phase, to control the surface homogeneity, and to measure the refraction index of the prism.
We demonstrate a simple scheme for generation phase singularities are coupled with the vortex-like orbital flows based on a biaxial crystal. Using a shear interferometer, we were able to create a self-converging trap from the phase singularity, which allows converging and diverging two absorbing particles. Moreover, in a certain interferometer shear mode, we were able to multiplex the trap.
We demonstrate a scheme based on a biaxial crystal for generation of the orbital and spin flows in optical fields. Such fields offer a possibility for microparticles’ rotation. By using the spin flow of beams with a gradient trap, refractive dielectric particles can be rotated. We achieved the orbital rotation of such particle due to the combination of an optical vortex trap and a gradient trap in orthogonal linearly polarized incoherent beams. We quantitatively compared the action of the spin and orbital momenta on the same particle of gamboge for its rotational speed.
We demonstrate a simple scheme for generation the internal energy flows in optical fields based on a biaxial crystal. Such fields offer a variety of possibilities for microparticles’ trapping and control, for example: the intensity minima (maxima) due to the gradient forces; phase singularities are coupled with the vortex-like orbital flows; both the orbital and spin flows; the spin angular momentum density of the field may induce controllable spinning motion of particles; the output field pattern can be easily modified via the controllable input and output polarization, which provides suitable means for fine spatial positioning of the trapped particles.
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