This paper presents a proof of concept sensor system based on a linear array of pyroelectric detectors for recognition of moving objects. The utility of this prototype sensor is demonstrated by its use in trail monitoring and perimeter protection applications for classifying humans against animals with object motion transverse to the field of view of the sensor array. Data acquisition using the system was performed under varied terrains and using a wide variety of animals and humans. With the objective of eventually porting the algorithms onto a low resource computational platform, simple signal processing, feature extraction, and classification techniques are used. The object recognition algorithm uses a combination of geometrical and texture features to provide limited insensitivity to range and speed. Analysis of system performance shows its effectiveness in discriminating humans and animals with high classification accuracy.
In this paper we estimate finite mixture models (FMM) to describe the statistics of the ultrawideband (UWB) channel
amplitudes. Various combinations of Rayleigh, Nakagami, Weibull, and Lognormal distributions are used to form the
constituent probability density functions (PDFs) of the FMMs. The FMMs are identified using the Stochastic
Expectation Maximization (SEM) algorithm. Akaike's Information Criterion is used to compare the quality of data fit
provided by the FMMs and models containing only one distribution (non-mixtures). The results indicate that UWB
channel amplitude statistics are best represented by mixtures of Rayleigh, Lognormal and Weibull PDFs.
Accumulative Predictive Error has been previously used for time series modeling of psychological response time data.
In this paper we extend its applicabilty to the identification of tap amplitude statistics of ultrawideband communication
channels. We also present channel modeling results from two other model selection techniques: Minimum Description
Length and Akaike's Information Criterion. Channel models are also identified by hypothesis testing using
Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. The results agree with recent findings that Rayleigh distribution can still be used to model
tap amplitude statistics of line of sight ultrawideband communication channels.
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