Ariel, part of the European Space Agency's (ESA) Cosmic Vision science program, is an innovative medium-class mission designed for atmospheric remote sensing of exoplanets. It is the first mission solely dedicated to investigating the atmospheres of more than 500 transiting exoplanets, ranging from gas giants to super-Earths, using a combination of transit photometry and spectroscopy. The mission's primary goal is to analyze these exoplanets' chemical composition and thermal structures, paving the way for large-scale, comparative planetology. Ariel is scheduled for launch in 2029 aboard Ariane 6.2. It will operate from an orbit around the Sun-Earth system's second Lagrange point. The mission has a nominal lifetime of four years, with the potential for a two-year extension. The spacecraft comprises two main modules: the Service Module (SVM) and the Payload Module (PLM). The SVM manages platform elements, including attitude control, power, data handling, and communication systems. The PLM incorporates an all-aluminium cryogenic telescope with two scientific instruments, the Ariel IR Spectrometer (AIRS) and the Fine Guidance System (FGS). The Operational Ground Segment consists of ground stations and the Mission Operation Centre (MOC) located at ESOC, responsible for the operations of the spacecraft and instruments. The Science Ground Segment (SGS) consists of the Science Operation Centre (SOC), located at ESAC, along with the Instrument Operations and Science Data Centre (IOSDC) provided by the Ariel Mission Consortium (AMC). The SGS will perform the science mission planning as well as processing of the data to generate the mission data products and provision of the Ariel mission archive for the user community. While ESA holds overall responsibility for Ariel, the Ariel Mission Consortium is responsible for the procurement of the payload units, as well as managing the IOSDC. This collaborative effort aims to unlock the mysteries of exoplanetary atmospheres and deepen our understanding of these distant worlds.
KEYWORDS: Cameras, Space operations, Stars, Design, Data processing, Control systems, Planets, Scanning tunneling microscopy, Satellites, X band, Exoplanets, Astronomical telescopes, Space telescopes
PLATO (PLAnetary Transits and Oscillations) mission is a space-based optical multi-camera photometer mission of the European Space Agency (ESA) to identify and characterize exoplanets and their hosting stars using two main techniques: planetary transit and asteroseismology. Selected as the M3 (third Medium class mission) of the ESA 2015-2025 Cosmic Vision program, PLATO is scheduled to launch end of 2026 and designed for 4 years of nominal observation. The PLATO spacecraft is composed of a Service Module and a Payload Module. The Service Module comprises all the conventional spacecraft subsystems and the sun shield with attached solar arrays. The Payload Module consists of a highly stable optical bench, equipped with 26 optical cameras covering a global field of view of > 2232deg2. The PLATO spacecraft data is complemented by ground-based observations and processed by a dedicated Science Ground Segment. We describe the mission and spacecraft architecture and provide a view of the current status of development.
PLATO (PLAnetary Transits and Oscillations) mission is a space-based optical multi-camera photometer mission of the European Space Agency to identify and characterize exoplanets and their hosting stars using two main techniques: planetary transit and asteroseismology.
The PLATO spacecraft is composed of a Service Module and a Payload Module. The Service Module comprises all the conventional spacecraft subsystems and the sun shield with attached solar arrays. The Payload Module consists of a highly stable optical bench, equipped with 26 optical imagers/cameras covering a global field of view of > 2232 deg2. The design includes two types of cameras: 24 Normal Cameras (N-CAMs) with measurement cadences of 25s and 2 Fast Cameras (F-CAMs) with a cadence of 2.5s. The PLATO spacecraft data is complemented by ground based observations and processed by a dedicate Science Ground Segment.
We describe the mission and spacecraft architecture and provide a view of the current status of development.
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