We review our recent work on chirped waveguide gratings for efficient coupling between standard single mode optical
fibers and silicon photonic wire waveguides. The use of a linear chirp in grating period reduces the second order Bragg
reflection from the waveguide gratings and increases the coupling efficiency for perfectly vertical optical fibers.
Measurement results obtained from devices fabricated using deep UV lithography yielded coupling efficiencies of over
34%. Techniques to further improve the coupling efficiency will be discussed. The use of chirped waveguide gratings
for low cost photonic packaging and the application of waveguide gratings for splitting/combining light will also be
presented.
We report our latest experimental and numerical work on silicon microresonator passive and electro-optic active devices.
On the passive device front, we demonstrate an electrically tunable silicon microring notch filter for converting 3.6-Gbps
non-return-to-zero (NRZ) data format to return-to-zero (RZ)-like data format. We show that the converted RZ-like data
quality highly depends on the notch filter extinction ratios. On the active device front, we demonstrate a silicon
microring modulator using a double-coupled U-bend waveguide as a feedback and a pair of laterally integrated injectiontype
p-i-n diodes for bias/signal modulation. We show that the microring modulator extinction ratios are electrically
controlled by applying a DC-bias across either the feedback-waveguide or the microring while applying a modulation
signal across the other p-i-n diode. We also propose silicon microdisk modulators with selectively integrated depletiontype
Schottky diodes. Our numerical simulations suggest that the microdisk structures can be advantageous compared
with microring structures. We show that electrical rise time on the order of a few ps is feasible using microdisks. We
also allude to on-going work on extending the microresonator devices discussed here to building functional silicon
optoelectronics integrated circuits.
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