Glaucoma is a leading cause of blindness. Previously, we quantified the deformations in scleral tissue components through a PAM-FEA methodology. This study furthers our examination of perilimbal sclera (PLS) and aqueous veins in intraocular pressure (IOP) regulation using ex vivo porcine eyes. Our results reveal that the cross-sectional area change of the aqueous veins and strain of PLS are strongly and positively correlated with the steady-state IOP (n=8, R2=0.90, R2=0.57, respectively) and the IOP elevation rate at a constantly increasing flow rate (n=8, R2=0.89, R2=0.58, respectively). These findings support our hypothesis that the PLS and aqueous veins with less deformation are correlated with elevated steady state IOP and less adaptive behavior of eyes to increased aqueous outflow.
Glaucoma is a leading cause of blindness. Previously, we quantified the deformations in scleral tissue components through a PAM-FEA methodology. This study furthers our examination of perilimbal sclera (PLS) and aqueous veins in intraocular pressure (IOP) regulation using ex vivo porcine eyes. Our results reveal that the cross-sectional area change of the aqueous veins and strain of PLS are strongly and positively correlated with the steady-state IOP (n=8, R2=0.90, R2=0.57, respectively) and the IOP elevation rate at a constantly increasing flow rate (n=8, R2=0.89, R2=0.58, respectively). These insights bolster our supposition that a stiffer PLS can lead to heightened IOP and reduced ocular adaptability to aqueous outflow, primarily due to restrictions on aqueous vein dilation.
Purposed at validating the hypothesis that overly stiff sclera undermines the passive and adaptive mechanisms of the aqueous outflow pathway in regulating IOP, we combined photoacoustic microscopy (PAM) and finite element analysis (FEA) technologies to resolve and quantify the strains in the aqueous veins and surrounding perilimbal sclera in human and porcine eyes at high resolution in 3D in our previous study. In this study, we introduced large dynamic range of scleral stiffness in intact porcine eyes by crosslinking and observed the correlations between the principal strains in sclera and aqueous veins during IOP elevations, and between the principal strains and the steady state IOP. The results showed strong correlations in both cases.
Purposed at validating the hypothesis that overly stiff sclera undermines the passive and adaptive mechanisms of the aqueous outflow pathway in regulating IOP, we combined photoacoustic microscopy (PAM) and finite element analysis (FEA) technologies to resolve and quantify the strains in the aqueous veins and surrounding perilimbal sclera in human and porcine eyes at high resolution in 3D in our previous study. In this study, we introduced large dynamic range of scleral stiffness in intact porcine eyes by crosslinking and observed the correlations between the principal strains in sclera and aqueous veins during IOP elevations, and between the principal strains and the steady state IOP. The results showed strong correlations in both cases.
We developed a photoacoustic imaging (PAI) and finite element analysis (FEA) approach for characterizing the biomechanical behaviors of the aqueous veins and perilimbal sclera, and their roles in the regulation of intraocular pressure (IOP). In this study, an optical resolution PAI system captures the 3D architectures of the sclera and the aqueous veins perfused with indocyanine green. FEA computes tissue and vein strain fields. The performance of the PAI-FEA has been validated by tensile test in scleral tissue. The methods have also shown the capability of resolving the strain gradients at the vein-sclera interface during the manipulation of IOP.
We developed a photoacoustic imaging (PAI) and finite element analysis (FEA) approach for characterizing the biomechanical behaviors of the aqueous veins and perilimbal sclera, and their roles in the regulation of intraocular pressure (IOP). 3D architectures of the sclera and the aqueous veins perfused with indocyanine green have been resolved by an optical resolution PAI system. The tissue ans strain fields were quantified using FEA. The performance of the proposed method has been validated by tensile test in scleral tissue. The methods have shown the capability of resolving the strain gradients at the vein-sclera interface during the manipulation of IOP.
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