Open Access
1 September 2007 Two-color, two-photon, and excited-state absorption microscopy
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Abstract
We develop a new approach in imaging nonfluorescent species with two-color two-photon and excited state absorption microscopy. If one of two synchronized mode-locked pulse trains at different colors is intensity modulated, the modulation transfers to the other pulse train when nonlinear absorption takes places in the medium. We can easily measure 10-6 absorption changes caused by either two-photon absorption or excited-state absorption with a RF lock-in amplifier. Sepia melanin is studied in detail as a model system. Spectroscopy studies on the instantaneous two-photon absorption (TPA) and the relatively long-lived excited-state absorption (ESA) of melanin are carried out in solution, and imaging capability is demonstrated in B16 cells. It is found that sepia melanin exhibits two distinct excited states with different lifetimes (one at 3 ps, one lasting hundreds of nanoseconds) when pumped at 775 nm. Its characteristic TPA/ESA enables us to image its distribution in cell samples with high resolution comparable to two-photon fluorescence microscopy (TPFM). This new technique could potentially provide valuable information in diagnosing melanoma.
©(2007) Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)
Dan Fu, Tong Ye, Thomas E. Matthews, Gunay Yurtsever, and Warren S. Warren Sr. "Two-color, two-photon, and excited-state absorption microscopy," Journal of Biomedical Optics 12(5), 054004 (1 September 2007). https://doi.org/10.1117/1.2780173
Published: 1 September 2007
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CITATIONS
Cited by 143 scholarly publications.
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KEYWORDS
Absorption

Modulation

Microscopy

Melanoma

Nonlinear optics

Laser beam diagnostics

Luminescence

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