Paper
24 March 2006 Effects of low-voltage electron beam lithography
Author Affiliations +
Abstract
To examine the practical limits and effects of low voltage operation, studies of electron beam lithography (EBL) in the low (few keV) to ultra-low (E < 500eV) energy range, employing commonly used resists such as PMMA was done, and the results were compared to those from conventional high voltage processing. The direct writing was performed at low energies by our homemade scan generator and a Schottky field emission gun scanning electron microscope (SEM), used in cathode-lens mode for ultra-low voltage operation. The exposure characteristics and sensitivity of the system at these energies have been investigated using an advanced Monte Carlo simulation method. Our modeling of the lithographic process showed a significant increase in resolution and process latitude for thinner resists.
© (2006) COPYRIGHT Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Mehdi Bolorizadeh and David C. Joy "Effects of low-voltage electron beam lithography", Proc. SPIE 6151, Emerging Lithographic Technologies X, 61512C (24 March 2006); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.656496
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KEYWORDS
Polymethylmethacrylate

Electron beam lithography

Scanning electron microscopy

Monte Carlo methods

Lithography

Electron beams

Scattering

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