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Frequently the analysis of a magnetic resonance experiment is carried out describing the ground state in which the resonance is observed by a spin-Hamiltonian expression introducing an effective spin in accordance with the number of observed transitions. However, if a low- lying excited state coupling to the ground state is present the parameters as determined will deviate from their true physical value. The general theory for interactions mediated by orbital momentum and by electron or nuclear spin is outlined. A specific examination is presented for transition ions of the iron group and of some of their complexes in silicon in a spin quartet state. The examples include the interstitial titanium ion of cubic symmetry, and several iron- acceptor complexes in either trigonal or orthorhombic symmetry. The analysis accounts in a satisfactory manner for the large deviations of the g tensor components from their free- electron value g equals 2.0023. Also the tensor for the nuclear Zeeman effect can deviate substantially from the scalar value for the free nucleus and it appears to be possible to account for apparent strongly anisotropic coupling tensors. Both the presence of low-lying excited states and the Zeeman tensors applicable to them are predictable from the analysis.
C. A.J. Ammerlaan,P. N. Hai, andT. Gregorkiewicz
"Pseudo-Zeeman factors for transition ions in silicon", Proc. SPIE 2706, Tenth Feofilov Symposium on Spectroscopy of Crystals Activated by Rare-Earth and Transitional-Metal Ions, (3 January 1996); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.229160
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C. A.J. Ammerlaan, P. N. Hai, T. Gregorkiewicz, "Pseudo-Zeeman factors for transition ions in silicon," Proc. SPIE 2706, Tenth Feofilov Symposium on Spectroscopy of Crystals Activated by Rare-Earth and Transitional-Metal Ions, (3 January 1996); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.229160