Retinal hemorrhagic lesions from femtosecond visible laser pulses

Cindy D. Stein; Cynthia A. Toth M.D.; Clarence P. Cain; Gary D. Noojin; David J. Stolarski; Benjamin A. Rockwell; William P. Roach

doi:10.1117/12.182946

17 August 1994 Retinal hemorrhagic lesions from femtosecond visible laser pulses

Cindy D. Stein, Cynthia A. Toth M.D., Clarence P. Cain, Gary D. Noojin, David J. Stolarski, Benjamin A. Rockwell, William P. Roach

Author Affiliations +

Proceedings Volume 2134, Laser-Tissue Interaction V; and Ultraviolet Radiation Hazards; (1994) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.182946
Event: OE/LASE '94, 1994, Los Angeles, CA, United States

Abstract

We present our clinical evaluation of hemorrhagic and non-hemorrhagic 90 fs single pulses in rabbits and primates. The rabbit and primate eye present unique in vivo models for evaluation of retinal and choroidal laser induced hemorrhages with distinct differences in their retinal anatomy. We found two different hemorrhagic events to occur in the posterior pole with delivery of 90 fs pulses. First, in the Dutch Belted rabbit, we found large amounts of energy per pulse (from 20 to 60 times ED₅₀) were required for formation of subretinal hemorrhages. Second, in the Rhesus monkey, we found significant numbers of small intraretinal hemorrhages from relatively low energy 90 fs pulses. Both the Dutch Belted rabbit and the Rhesus monkey failed to consistently show subretinal hemorrhagic lesions form very high pulse energies. Our findings suggest more energy absorption at the level of the retinal circulation than the choroidal circulation with our pulse parameters. The effects of the laser on the retinal circulation may be due to the use of a wavelength of 580 nm. At this wavelength the oxyhemoglobin to melanin absorption ratio is nearly at its peak (approximately 0.40), perhaps allowing improved absorption in the retinal vasculature. One precaution with this finding, however, are the distinct differences between primate and non-primate ocular systems. Further studies are required to resolve the differences in damage at the level of the RPE and choroid between rabbits and primates.

Citation Download Citation

Cindy D. Stein, Cynthia A. Toth M.D., Clarence P. Cain, Gary D. Noojin, David J. Stolarski, Benjamin A. Rockwell, and William P. Roach "Retinal hemorrhagic lesions from femtosecond visible laser pulses", Proc. SPIE 2134, Laser-Tissue Interaction V; and Ultraviolet Radiation Hazards, (17 August 1994); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.182946

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