CRISPR-Cas system: off-target effects and its possible solutions

Yiqiao Hao

doi:10.1117/12.3012920

8 January 2024 CRISPR-Cas system: off-target effects and its possible solutions

Yiqiao Hao

Proceedings Volume 12924, Third International Conference on Biological Engineering and Medical Science (ICBioMed2023); 129242X (2024) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3012920
Event: 3rd International Conference on Biological Engineering and Medical Science (ICBioMed2023), 2023, ONLINE, United Kingdom

Abstract

The Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats system is a genetic tool used for gene editing that has its inspiration from bacteria responding to virus invasion. It allows for not only precise and targeted modifications of DNA sequences in the genome of living organisms but also gene regulation, disease diagnosis, and disease treatment. Additionally, it is employed in evolutionary studies, in which genetic information of different species is compared to discover whether a common ancestor is possible. CRISPR is also utilized in agriculture, where plants are genetically modified to increase production size, productivity, and plant nutrition. Despite CRISPR's benefits, the technology itself has shortcomings that could lead to potentially negative effects. For example, off-target effects, which occur when the Cas enzyme cuts DNA at sites other than the intended target site, can lead to unintended changes in the genome and potentially negative consequences. Hence, how to mitigate off-target effects when using CRISPR has become a trending research topic. At first, this paper introduced the history, structure, and mechanism of the CRISPR system, then explained the cause of off-target effects, and finally discussed some of the proposed solutions to this technical challenge. It is hoped that this paper can provide a general understanding of the CRISPR system as well as some approaches to reduce the likelihood of off-target effects.

(2024) Published by SPIE. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.

Citation Download Citation

Yiqiao Hao "CRISPR-Cas system: off-target effects and its possible solutions", Proc. SPIE 12924, Third International Conference on Biological Engineering and Medical Science (ICBioMed2023), 129242X (8 January 2024); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3012920

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KEYWORDS

Calcium

Proteins

Genetics

Design and modelling

Molecules

Diseases and disorders

Defense systems

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