Investigation of optical homodyne detection of phase-conjugators and retroreflectors in tissue (Conference Presentation)

Iman Hassani Nia; Skyler Wheaton; Hooman Mohseni

doi:10.1117/12.2509080

4 March 2019 Investigation of optical homodyne detection of phase-conjugators and retroreflectors in tissue (Conference Presentation)

Iman Hassani Nia, Skyler Wheaton, Hooman Mohseni

Author Affiliations +

Proceedings Volume 10876, Optical Interactions with Tissue and Cells XXX; 108760B (2019) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2509080
Event: SPIE BiOS, 2019, San Francisco, California, United States

Abstract

Optical tags have been proposed in the past for optical communication between far objects. The two-way optical link is established when the laser beam from the source reaches the optical tag, gets modulated by it and then reflected back to the source. Each optical tag should ideally have a phase conjugator for reversing the direction of the optical rays along the same path. This property dramatically enhances the coupling and the signal to noise ratio of the system in situations where the source and the optical tag are not on the line of sight of each other. In a turbid medium, the effect of scattering and phase change requires more in-depth studies. Here, we investigate this topic both experimentally and theoretically. As for the latter, we use transmission matrix approach (TMA) for full-wave solution of electromagnetic wave propagation and retroreflection in the turbid medium. In particular, we consider homodyne detection systems which rely on interferometric effects to eliminate the background stray rays and boost the signal to noise ratio. In this talk, we present our results to demonstrate that unlike flat reflectors, the retroreflectors eliminate the angular sensitivity up to 80 degrees of rotation. Whenever possible, we refer the one by one relation between the numerical simulations, theoretical analysis, and the experiments to pinpoint the origin of this enhancement. We also discuss the effect of the retroreflector size on the observed enhancement. Our results reveal the importance of retroreflectors for unprecedented signal enhancement for the emerging biomedical and atmospheric applications.

Conference Presentation

Citation Download Citation

Iman Hassani Nia, Skyler Wheaton, and Hooman Mohseni "Investigation of optical homodyne detection of phase-conjugators and retroreflectors in tissue (Conference Presentation)", Proc. SPIE 10876, Optical Interactions with Tissue and Cells XXX, 108760B (4 March 2019); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2509080

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KEYWORDS

Tissue optics

Retroreflectors

Homodyne detection

Geometrical optics

Signal to noise ratio

Electromagnetic scattering

Enhanced vision

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